Admiral Du Pin de Saint Andre in broader studies on torpedoes published in the Revue des Deux Mondes, had severely criticised some of the brilliant young foreign affairs expert Gabriel Charmes views on torpedo warfare. Du Pin de Saint Andre said "Such, is the absolute confidence that the public places in the automatic torpedo, upon the faith of certain enthusiasts and on conclusions drawn from experiments which cannot and ought not to decide the question as regards a serious attack of ships at sea, that they forget that there are many circumstances in war as in peace where the torpedoes can be of no use, and in which a number of ships provided with suitable artillery and large crews would be indispensable. Dazzled too much by the part that torpedo boats may play in the naval war of the future, and by the exciting episodes that may occur by their use, people do not take into sufficient account all the different conditions that a warlike navy must fill, nor all the duties it may be called upon to perform."